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Wednesday, 22 July 2020

Product crack spreads increase from recent lows but face uncertain demand, high inventories (7/22/2020)

U.S. gasoline and diesel crack spreads (the difference between the price of crude oil and the wholesale price of the petroleum product, which are used as estimates of refinery margins) diverged sharply in March as the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) spread. As COVID-19 mitigation efforts and travel restrictions were put in place, gasoline demand (as measured by product supplied) fell, pulling gasoline crack spreads down. During the same period, demand for diesel fuel remained relatively strong, which contributed to a sharp increase in diesel crack spreads. In April, diesel yields increased as demand fell, reducing the diesel crack spread, while gasoline demand began to increase. Since then, gasoline and diesel crack spreads in the U.S. Gulf Coast (home to about half of the U.S. refining capacity) have stabilized and moved together (Figure 1). However, high gasoline and distillate inventory levels are putting downward pressure on product prices and the crack spread, and the demand outlook remains uncertain. ... More »
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The Stages Of A Scam

1. Foundation Work: This is the preparations which are made before the scam is put in motion, including the elaboration of the plan, the employment of assistants and so forth.

2. Approach: Is the manner of getting in touch with the scammers victim — often most elaborately and carefully prepared.

3. Build Up: Rousing and sustaining the interest of the victim, rousing his emotions, showing him the chance of profit and filling him so full of anticipation and cupidity that his judgment is warped and his caution thrown away.

4. Pay-off or Convincer: An actual or apparent paying of money by the conspirators to convince the victim and settle doubts by a cash demonstration.

5. The Hurrah: This is like the dénouement in a play and no scam or con scheme is complete without it. It is a sudden crisis or unexpected development by which the victim is pushed over the last doubt or obstacle and forced to act. Once the hurrah is sprung the victim is clay in the scammer's hands or there is no game.

6. The In-and-In: This is the point in a scam act where the conspirator may put some of his money into the deal with that of the victim; first, to remove the last doubt that may tarry in the gull's mind.